PREFACE BY AUTHOR:  This re-evaluation of the time and status of the historical Moses and the special inspirations behind his work - is based on interdisciplinary scientific- and cultural historical research, connecting archaeological findings, textual research, and astronomical dating - all being evaluated in relation to the Bible, the Rabbinical Writings, and various important authors of Antiquity.
          Many handed-down sources and findings have, for the first time, been put into a greater context all of which should be judged in its entirety. The book is not based on single sources or solitary decisions - rather,the focus is on the presentation of a long string of clues and indications; these may be considered a "special offer" to further research.
          The book can be read without previous scientific qualifications. It is not an attempt to present Moses' "curriculum vitae", nor is it "documentary fiction", or a historical account distributed in trendy reading form.
          Annotations at the bottom of pages or at special places have been left out in favour of coherence and legibility. Instead, annotations have been continuously included in the reading-matter. References of sources are given directly on the spot and may, as you like, be passed over or used in further documentation just like summaries and appendices. The intentional lack of other current annotation is compensated for by a comprehensive bibliography with further substantiation of the information given in the book. The bibliography has been divided into various fields of subject matter in order to facilitate verification.
          The British Egyptologist Alan H. Gardiner's transcription of Egyptian names has been preferred. Supplementary astronomical data are presented at the end of the book.

          A number of researchers and experts have from their separate fields of science most kindly contributed with guidance, criticism, argumentation, and encouragement. Naturally, these experts are not responsible for the way in which their information has been used.

Special thanks are offered to:
          Historical Astronomy:  Kristian Peder Moesgaard, D.Sc., Department of History of Science, Aarhus University, and Director of the Steno Museum, Danish National Museum for the History of the Exact Sciences.
          Egyptology: Erik Iversen, Ph.D.,h.c., Assistant Professor, formerly Department of Egyptology, University of Copenhagen;  - Eva Richter Aeroe, M.A., Assistant Professor, Carsten Niebuhr Institute, University of Copenhagen.
          Hebrew Philology/Bible- and Talmud Texts:  Egon K. Keck, M.A. in Semitic Languages, Subject Adviser, Dep. of Judaism, The Royal National Library of Denmark, Copenhagen;  - S. Heimann, Rabbi, formerly Dep. of Judaism, The Royal National Library of Denmark, Copenhagen;  - Jens-André P. Herbener, M.A. in Semitic Philology and Comparative Religion, and Project leader, at The Royal National Library of Denmark, of the new scholarly translation into Danish of the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament).
          Biblical Research:  Bent Melchior, former Chief Rabbi of Denmark;  - Jakob H. Groenbaek, B.D., Subject Adviser, Royal National Library of Denmark, Copenhagen.
          Josephus Research:  Per Bilde, D.D., Study of Religion, Professor, Aarhus University.
          Greek Philology and Mythology:  Leo Hjortsoe, Assistant Professor, Department of Greek and Latin, University of Copenhagen.
          History:  Jens Jörgensen, M.A. in History, former Headmaster, officiately app. examiner in history at the Universities of Copenhagen, Aarhus and Odense.
          Military Strategy History:  Michael H. Clemmesen, Cand.Phil., Brigade General, formerly The Academy of Defence.
          Glaciochronologi:  Claus Hammer, Ph.D., Professor, Geophysical Dep., The Niels Bohr Institute, Copenhagen.
          Principles of the Jewish/Mosaic Calendar:  Bent Lexner, Chief Rabbi of Denmark, Copenhagen.
          Astronomical Calculation:  Leif Kahl Kristensen, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Department of History of Science, Aarhus University;  - K.A. Ternoe, M.A., formerly Department of Physics, Danish Post-Graduate Training College for Teachers, Copenhagen;  - Kyril Fabrin, Assist. Professor, Mathematics & Astronomy, formerly Aalborg University;  - H. Quade Rasmusen, Astronomer, Kalundborg, DK;  - F.R. Stephenson, D.C., Astronomer, University of Durham, England;  - David Dunham, DC, Astronomer, US Naval Observatory, Washington DC, USA.
          Further thanks to:  Rune Engelbreth Larsen, M.A. in History of Ideas and History of Religion;  - Eva Björnböl, Research-librarian, Cairo;  - Jannie Fursund, LLD, Assistant Professor;  - Asmus Koefoed, Bach.Phys.;  - Karine Smidth, Journalist;  - Erling Haagensen, Writer, and Film Director;- Sidney Maage, Principal, Ministry of Defence;  - Bodil Eeg Neumann, Techn.A.;  - Raymond Bildstedfelt, Inf.Director, DI;  - Marianne Illum, proofreader;  - Evan Bogan, Publ. Director;  - The Staff of The Royal National Library of Denmark, and of Dep. II of the Copenhagen University Library;  - Construction of Computer Programs: Laurids Pedersen, Nysted, DK; - Ulla Hoff, H.D., English language, Translator;  - Astronomical Computer Calculations: Jarl Hansen, Macro Systems Internet, Coín, Spain.
          OvS.

The series "Assassinating Moses", Volume 3:  - ABSTRACTS

Summary -  some synoptic clues to "The Vanished Successor. - Rediscovering the Hidden War Leading to Exodus" :

          - the ancient texts reflect how Moses as an expelled Egyptian prince brilliantly exploited the historic Middle East tensions in enduring attempts to regain his claim to the throne of pharaohs ...

Key Phrases :   Moses' rebellion,  the Israelites,  Pharaoh Amenhotep II,  the exodus from Egypt,  Joshua,  the pillar of the cloud,  pillar of fire,  spring sacrifice,  the Golden Calf,  the Ten Commandments,  the Levites,   Jethro,  the desert journey,  the promised land,  Canaan,  Jericho,  astronomical mystery,  chronology,  historians of antiquity,  Sinai,  alphabet invention,  Cadmus,  cultural history,  archaeology,  anthropology,  religious history,  Talmud,  the Bible,  the five Books of Moses,  Rabbinical Writings,  Old Testament,  Talmud,  Egyptology,  Ove von Spaeth,  Philo,  Josephus,  Petra,  Hatshepsut,  Thebes,  Tuthmosis III,  Quadesh.

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In this Volume 3  it is disclosed how the revolutionary rediscovery of Moses' throne feud shows an unexpected, new side of his dramatic role in Egypt and the Hebrew history.
          There are many gaps in the biblical report on Moses. He enters history, disappears again, - then to return for resuming his leading role in the Israelite exodus story. The pattern repeats itself several times, and the biblical Books of Moses (the Septuagint) offering almost no attention to these "years of silence". However, now all this is to be unveiled ...
. . .
          A coup prevented Moses from ascending the throne of the pharaohs, a position for which - according to ancient Jewish texts, i.e. the Rabbinical Writings - he had been designated and educated. A number of less conventional sources assert, too, that Moses from his exile was cleverly pulling political strings of intrigues for a long time attempting to regain his claim to the throne.
          These subsequent, extensive operations, "the forgotten feud", are now revealed. They show how Moses - the missing heir to the throne and with the dramatic role he played in Egypt and its neighbouring countries - having brought about transformation throughout the Middle East: a surprising background able to change how we perceive our early history.
          Ultimately, he instigated a decisive, major rebellion in the 15th century BC with the help of Hebrew immigrant workers. Moses' daring action was in vain, however, and it wasn't until then that the Hebrews/Israelites sought another land.
          From hitherto unexpected information found in the oldest Moses traditions much unique correlation between source material and dating is revealed, and even in connection with records of rare astronomical phenomena too. Archaeological finds illuminate the ancient texts' data from 1400 BC all of which also providing traces of Moses' brilliantly selected, protective sites where the exodus-people then seems to have been hidden for many years in the desert.
          Also, it is interesting throughout the book to experience how a shadow-like figure from the Old Testament turns into a human being of flesh and blood and emerges as one of the major figures in world history.
. . .
          The handed down information about the impressive, apparent execution of Moses (symbolically performed only) was early excluded from the biblical narrative while it has still been preserved in the ancient Rabbinical Writings - yet it was this highly disruptive event resulting in making him barely surviving while all his official identity in Egypt was eradicated.
          His adversaries' so carefully performed ritualistic removal of Moses' tracks in Egypt has in particular contributed in recent times to the appearance of confused theories about him. Through the meticulous investigated material of the present book it becomes abundantly clear also how such seemingly lack of information about Moses has led many of today's researchers to not attach him any importance as a historical person. Thus, they argue - in fact, from assumptions only and without any scientific proof - that he is just a myth and a literary product.
          A more clear picture emerges from the book's exposing how a greater recognition of "the Egyptian factor" - with its solid presence behind his entire life and work - would have given the concept of Moses better main lines to follow. In order to really understand this part of history better, the Moses figure must in every way be seen - as has been experienced now - in the original Egyptian context to a much stronger extent. Unfortunately, this is still very underexposed hitherto in the research in question.
          However, from the new-orientating material presented by "The Vanished Successor" it has here been revealed that at the time of Moses' long-term exile and then his emigration with the Israelites from Egypt (around 1455 BC, an era based on data from ancient writers, too), all this became the end result of the previous coup which had prevented him from taking over Egypt's throne. Moreover, it was from his protected exile in Nubia and later Sinai that he was capable of - for a very long period of time and through the considerable great distances - succeeding in establishing much political plot, altogether with the goal to regain his lost position.
. . .
          During this period Moses has travelled far and wide. His personality may be the main key to some hitherto incomprehensible detail in the handed down reports on the wars which through those years kept the Egyptian army on its toes at the country's northern and southern border alternately; - incredible information is now brought to the light of day.
          By the events of Moses' hidden years being brought out in the open, a gripping course is exposed making the reader also forming acquaintances with:  1)   Moses' political alliances by which he manages from his exile to attack Pharaoh Tuthmosis III;  2)   Moses' from a military view very professional diversionary tactics during the Israelite exodus succeeding to mislead the pursuing Egyptian troops;  3)  his secret bases;  4)   his vast communication system;  5)   his desperate situation in the desert and the often problematic relationship with the Israelites.
          This promising pharaoh-prince, who with his in antiquity so very famous great and versatile talents should have become one of the most important rulers of Egypt - how could all this be lost to such an extent that even a mentioning of most of these circumstances have been lost in his later biblical reputation?
. . .
           Even the necessary dating information is available here - it concerns several independent, astronomically verifiable checkpoints of the time of Moses - among these are major events as the Exodus from Egypt and the invasion of Canaan:
          a)  According to Josephus the Israelite Exodus took place in "Moses' 80th year", i.e. when Moses was 79 years of age. In 1455 BC, the Israelite exodus from Egypt took place these 79 years after the birth of Moses. The date of this first Easter can be astronomically computed: in the Bible's the Book of Exodus the first Easter was determined from the first full moon at the 14th day of the first spring month, i.e. the first full moon after vernal equinox; the culmination of this full moon took place even on the very day of equinox, here the 21st March (by modern calendar style).
          b)  The battle of Joshua at Gibeon, where "... the sun stood still ..." (Book of Joshua, 10:12-13) in 1415 BC, the Israelite year of invasion (i.e. 39-40 years after the beginning of the exodus) is anticipated to have happened during a special, celestial phenomenon. In the present Vol. 3 this is carefully investigated and the result showing a rare kind of a total lunar eclipse, i.e. "the Cleomedes phenomenon" taking place on 25th June by sunset.
          c)  Both the results by British archaeologist John Garstang, from his digging out the ruins of Jericho - and later from his colleague John J. Bimson's scientific examination by chemical analysis of the pottery found - confirm in all respects the dating around the beginning of the 1400's BC.
          Also these points being of the most logic coherence are thoroughly documented here - and by the the present book they are for the first time exposed to the public.
. . .
          As rarely seen before when presenting history, the politically intrusive mystery cults and religious and magic circumstances are included here and drawn into a larger, proper perspective.The book's vibrant explanation is also readable by persons outside the world of specialists.
          Already by the attitudes in the ancient time concerned, in connection with the Egyptians magical curse on Moses - which should "dismantle" him and condemn his work - it seems that the well-known self-fulfilling effect have emerged by which the curse became like almost a reality to those people who paid to much attention to it. Even among opponents of Egypt's new ruler (Tuthmosis III) this could certainly influence them to avoid involvement in or direct supporting Moses' aspirations.
          Thus in vain Moses continued for years from his exile his rebellion against Pharaoh Tuthmosis III and the successor, Amenhotep II. These matters disclose a new page of ancient history - but at the end, despite Moses' impressive performance, the surprising result of all the   emaciated efforts and struggles became much more different from what anyone would have expected ...

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- More about the contents: Information points concerning this Volume 3 of the series "Assassinating Moses"

- More about the contents of Volume 3:  When Archaeological Finds Fit Biblical Statements

- Credentials, - about the author, statements from a number of scientific experts and professionals can be found e.g. on these pages:  authordata-4: Reflecting views - and  Zenith IC Project .

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